Adapted and directed by Sean Graney
April 6 - May 27, 2018
The Hypocrites
The Chopin Theatre
Chicago, Illinois
Reviewed by Lizzy Ten-Hove
Stanford University
Sean Graney's previous foray into Greek drama, All Our Tragic (reviewed by Ruth Scodel and by Daniel Smith in Didaskalia 11), was an adaptation of all surviving Greek tragedy into one twelve-hour marathon event. In the Aristophanesathon, he takes on a corpus that is both more and less unified. On the one hand, Graney is dealing with the work of a single author; on the other, the comedies lack the shared universe and web of family ties that are so integral to Greek mythology. In order to tie Aristophanes' heterogeneous works together into a cohesive four-hour theatrical event, Graney makes two major interventions. First, he takes a handful of the most prominent characters in the best-known comedies and makes them family members. Our heroine for the show's three acts is Praxagora (Kate Carson-Groner) of the Ecclesiazusae, daughter of the Lysistrata's Myrrhine (Sasha Smith) and Cinesias (Breon Arzell) and niece of Lysistrata herself (Aja Wiltshire). Second, he transports the comedies into a hybridized mythological/historical space, an Athens ruled by Theseus (Arzell), engaged in the Trojan War, and entertained by Euripides (Kurt Ehrmann). Versions of Aristophanes' eleven surviving comedies play out across three acts and nearly forty-three years, resulting in a thoroughly entertaining evening, even if it lacks much of Aristophanes' characteristic bite.
The performance takes place in the Chopin Theatre, an intimate, historic space with plenty of nooks and crannies to explore in the intermissions. The set, designed by Tom Burch, features the oversized, brightly colored word "Athens" — "in case you forget," as our master of ceremonies Sappho (played by Tina Muñoz Pandya) drily comments. The set offers a jaunty twist on the traditional skene building by nestling a central pair of double doors within the letter H. Even before the show starts, Burch makes clear that the show will combine the absurd and the historically grounded: a ludicrously large rack of shoes hangs to stage right, while a road sign informs us that Thebes is 89.7km to stage left. Both these frames loom larger as the play continues, with more shoes added to the rack to represent charcters who have died, and Thebes' nebulous military and economic rivalry with Athens taking up increasingly more thematic space.
The show, as Sappho explains in song, is divided into three acts, each about 70 minutes long and adapting three or four of Aristophanes' plays, grouped according to thematic resonances. Each act is further punctuated by a shorter interval during which audience members are encouraged to stand and stretch while Sappho sings a stretching son and offers a different —terrible!— joke about shoes. Sappho's ukulele strumming, puns, and playful rapport with the audience offer a preview of the whimsical strain of humor to come. It's more silly than savage, and even the most politically pointed sections of the show are softened by a heightened optimism about humanity's potential.
Our heroine, Praxagora, is the clearest proponent of this optimism from her first appearnance as an eleven-year-old in act one ("The Flies"), adapting Lysistrata, Peace, and Wealth. Clad in a pussy hat, Lysistrata convinces her reluctanat sister Myrrhine to join her in a sex strike protesting Athens' continual war against Thebes over some orange groves. Unlike Aristophanes' Lysistrata, Graney's version of the character is sexually innocent to the extreme, resulting in some painful attempts to seduce Cinesias ("Oops! My bweast crevasse is showing!"). Theba, queen of Thebes, is on board with Lysistrata's plan, and Cinesias and the king of Thebes find themselves needing to tote strategically placed pillows. Praxagora, meanwhile, makers her first foray into public life by persuading the Athenian treasurer, Purser Plutus (Ehrmann), to redistribute all the money inteded for the war to Athens' poor, who promptly quit their jobs and allow Theban immigrants, led by America (Arzell), to buy up their businesses. In a finale drawn from the Peace, Lysistrata, Myrrhine, and Praxagora ride a pet dung beetle to defeat the ancient Lord of the Flies, whose demands for human blood have perpetuated generations of war.
The theme of anti-Theban sentiment provides a useful analgoue to many comtemporary manifestations of xenophobia. The emphasis on the fact that the Thebans are refugees recalls the ongoing Syrian refugee crisis, while Cleon's insistence on identifying and deporting Thebans (including, bizarrely, a tortoise) echoes the rise of ICE and anti-immigrant rhetoric United States. The denouement of the middle act, which involves the revelation that Cleon himself was born in Thebes, is a jarring quasi-affirmation of birtherism. At the same time, the conflation of Socrates with the Thebans struck me as a missed opportunity to comment on the currents of anti-intellectualism and the rejection of expertise that have accompanied xenophobic and racist movements in the US and abroad. Overall, the strong political engagement and particularly energetic performances from Wiltshire and Ehrmann during this act made it the most engaging of the show.
The final act, "This Ends Now" (Frogs, Birds, Thesmophoriazusae, and Acharnians), sees a weary fifty-four-year-old Praxagora coming to terms with a terminal illness. Euripides commits suicide after the council bans performances of his misogynistic play—the Helen in particular comes under frequent fire—and Myrrhine, well into a second career as an actress, journeys to the underworld to rescue him. While Omega and America fight over America's shady pay-for-play deal with the anti-regulation Acharnian Brothers, Praxagora dreams she has traveled to a particularly dark version of Cloudcukooland in search of a cure for her illness. Where Aristophanes' birds learn to prevent sacrifices from reaching the gods, Graney's birds have been preventing human whishes from being fulfilled for thousands of years. Moreover, the "cure" Praxagora seeks is, in fact, another form of death. An uneasy tension between the bright silliness of Graney's style and the seriousness of his themes and messages are especially visible in the final act; I was left wishing that this tension had been more comprehensively resolved.
A small scene towards the end of "This Ends Now" encapsulates Graney's approach to the Aristophanic corpus and the limitations of that approach. In the underworld, Euripides has access to all future adaptations of his work—he mentions Sarah Ruhl and Carol Churchill, and enlists Myrrhine and Eurydice (Muñoz Pandya) in an ad hoc performance of part of Yara Travieso's La Medea. Euripides views these reimaginings not as derivative but as improvements on his own work, bringing especially his female characters more vividly to life than he was able to. The pathos of the scene is undercut by the cartoonish innocence that characterizes the whole play: Eurydice applauds delightedly and hopes in a childlike voice that she will remember it, before the scene shifts to America citing Euripides' "penis play" (the Cyclops) as a defining moment in his cultivation of the self-promoting, Odyssean hustle. Graney has skillfully updated Aristophanes' references and woven pieces of his plots together into a cohesive series of playful adventures. But he has also tamed the comedian's sheer cussedness into whimsy, and blunted the personal immediacy of the plays by transposing them to a quasi-mythological landscape.
Despite playing more goofball than hardball, The Aristophanesathon was a thorough delight, both for this Aristophanes nerd and for my companion, who was not familiar with any of the eleven plays. The falafel and donuts between acts weren't bad, either.